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Euskara Magyar
These lists contain 'SIMILARITIES' not alleged Basque-Hungarian cognates!
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xabal
, zabal, zabal-du (C) wide, clear /Basqueszabad
free, clear < allowed; szabad-ba in/with nature /HungarianSumerian
sabad
hip, loins > naked; subar naked body; sibir shepherd's (scepter)šu...bad to release ('hand' + 'to open') [jh]
šu...bal to alter; to tamper; to set aside ('hand' + 'to change') [jh]
šu...bar to release, let loose ('hand' + 'to open, release') [jh]
šu...búru to open the hand ('hand' + 'to open') [jh]
šu...ba (cf., šu...bad, šu...bar) [jh]
Dravidian
s'âbît
broad, wide /BrahuiIndo-European
Slavic
svobod~
free /Old Bulgarian [id]Paleo-Balkan
sabazias
free /Thracian [id]Indo-Iranian
Iranian
šabit (adj.) spacious, ample, wide, open /Baluchi [mab]
Indo-Aryan
szlobodoj
free /GypsyUlwa
subitdanaka vi. (subitdi) 1. escape 2. come loose [ud]
subitnaka vi. (subitpi) (var. subitdanaka) escape; get away [ud]
szél-es
broad, wide /HungarianUralic
Officially, Hungarian szél "edge" is of FU origin.
*s'el3- /Ugric [Chong]
sil edge of something, etc. /Obdorsk Khanty; seel edge of the side of something /Nether Konda Man's'i; s&&l id. /Sosva Man's'i [Chong]
Officially, Hungarian széles "broad,wide" derives from szél "edge"
*seele (Proto Ugric) [Chong]
Sumerian
sal, šal spacious, wide etc. [jh]
Afro-Asiatic
*s.^il(a)?|- {} *c.^il(a)?|- rib, side (of chest) /Semitic Protoform [ss]
s.e:lu, s.ellu 'rib, side (part of the human and the animal body); side (of an object)' /Akkadian; s.l?| 'Rippenstu"ck' /Ugaritic; s.e:la:?| 'rib, side, plank' /Hebrew; OFF ?|l?|-y (pl.constr.) 'rib' /Aramaic; ?|il?|i:n (pl.) 'Rippe' /Biblical Aramaic; ?|a>la?| (?|il?|a:); ?l?|, det. ?a"l?|a: 'side, rib' /Judaic Aramaic; ?el?|a: 'costa' /Syriac [ss]
Altaic/Turkic
sarlaka
wide /Chuvashçil border /Turkmen [glnp]
Sino-Tibetan
*s/al (~-@-, -l/) sharp edge, sharp stone /Sino-Tibetan [ss]
s/al a flint, sharp-edged stone. /Tibetan [ss]
nin|s^an2, ns^an2, ns^a3 the edge of a blade. /Kachin [ss]
Indo-European
Celtic
Gaelic seal a while, space, Irish seal, Old Irish sel, Welsh chwyl, versio, turning, Breton hoel, "du moins", root svel, turn. Bez. (apud Stokes) compares Lettic swalstit, move hither and thither; to which cf. Greek @Gsaleúw, I toss [mcb]
Anatolian
šalli large /Hittite [cb]
xahu
(L,LN,U) (adj.) clean; xahu-tu (L,LN,U) to clean, purify /BasqueUralic
sik-ál to scrub, polish /Hungarian
sikárol /Székely Hungarian (Transylvania)
Sumerian
sikil to be/make clean, pure; clean, fresh, pure, virgin [jh]
Niger-Congo (?)
sooca (v.) to scrub /Wollof [pc2]
Afro-Asiatic
Egyptian
sk wipe, sweep (V29 O.K.) /Egyptian [cgj]
Semitic
zak pure, clean, righteous (fig.); the pure one (subst) /Hebrew
(Old Testament Strong No. 2134)
Zakah (a) (Qal) to be clean, be pure to be clear, be justified; (b) (Piel) to make clean, make pure, keep clean, keep pure; (c) (Hithpael) to cleanse to make yourself clean, purify oneself /Hebrew
(Old Testament Strong No. 2135)
sxy (v.) /Aramaic [cal]
011 Palestinian,CPA,Sam,Syr to wash oneself 012 Syr to cleanse oneself 013 Syr to swim 014 Syr to invade 015 Syr to spread 016 Syr to be covered 051 Syr to be cleansed 031 Palestinian,Syr to wash 032 Syr to make to wim 033 Syr to provide the means for washing
LS2 465
dwky N dwky) /Aramaic [cal]
1 Syr cleansing
LS2 153
LS2 v: duwkAyA) R dky
dky A /Aramaic [cal]
1 Palestinian,CPA,JBA clean 2 Palestinian, pure R dky
dky V /Aramaic [cal]
011 Syr to be clean 021 Syr,Palestinian,JBA to cleanse, to purify ritually 022 Syr to set apart 023 Syr to wash off 051 Syr,Palestinian to be cleansed 052 Syr to cleanse oneself 053 Syr to be set apart 054 Syr to be healed 055 JBA to be purified 031 Syr to purge 061 Syr to purge
LS2 152 J 307
dql#2 N dql)
1 JBA cleaning
J 304 s.v. dyqwl), LowFL 2:317
Cognate Set <Sasse (1979) , p. 27 #3> [oi4]
Cushitic, East
j'aq- wash self /Konso; c#'ik'- wash self /Gidole
Cognate Set <Sasse (1979) , p. 27 #17> [oi4]
Cushitic, East
c#'ak'- c#'ik'- wash /Proto Konso-Gidole
d/ik'- wash self /Oromo
Cognate Set <Sasse (1979) , p. 30 #2> [oi4]
Cushitic, East
d/1ak'- wash /Proto East Cushitic
t'o'q- wash /Yaaku
Cognate Set <Sasse (1983) , p. 154 #> [oi4]
Cushitic, East
*zuug- rub /Proto East Cushitic
duug- tan /Burji; duug- massage /Somali
duug- scrape clean /Oromo; tuuk- push /Konso
suugs- rub /Yaaku
Cognate Set <Sasse (1983) , p. 168 #> [oi4]
Cushitic, East
*d/1ak'- wash /Proto East Cushitic
d/ik'- wash /Burji; d/aqad wash self /Somali; dix /Rendille; d!a?'- /Boni; dik- /Elmolo; d/ik'- /Oromo; j'aq- /Konso; c#'ik'- /Gidole
Altaic
Turkic/Khakassian
çugh= to wash; cf Sagay çun= (< CT *yuu=) [kl]
Dravidian
cukir (-v-, -nt-) to rub clean and smooth as a lute-string (Tamil)(DEDR 2645) [sk]
jo_ku, je_ki to wash (Koraga); so_ka_na_ to apply ointment, hot water, etc., to one's skin, rub, apply (oil, etc.); mat soka_na_ to apply medicine, anoint; ho_k- to rub on (oil, etc.); o_k- to rub; so_klal washerman; so_k to anoint (Gondi); so_k- (-t-) to clean body (while bathing), rub, clean; caus. so_kpis- (Kond.a); ho_k- (-t-) to wash, rub, rub on (oil); intens. ho_bga- (Pengo); jo_ga (jo_gi-) to wash clothes; n. act of washing clothes; joh- to wash clothes (Kui); co_shing to soak, steep; wash by rubbing, scrub (Brahui) (DEDR 2872).[sk]
Mayan
Chorti [cw]
suhk' 'a wiping, a cleaning off'
suhk'i 'wipe (as with a cloth), clean by rubbing' (cl.2)
Yuki
č'ak-
bathe2, wash [y84]xaru
affection, caress /BasqueUralic
szer-
et-et affection, love; szer-et to like; szer-et-ö lover /HungarianSumerian
ušar
female companionSino-Tibetan
*[s/]Vr care for /Sino-Tibetan [ss]
m@z^|an3 to care for, look after. /Kachin
sor to tend, care for. /Lushei [ss]
Afro-Asiatic
ser-ut
love, like /Old EgyptAltaic
sew-imli, sew-gi
affection/TurkAssyrian
sekret
prostitute/Assyrian (possible loan from Hurrian)Etruscan
cara "dear, beloved, "to be pleasant" [az96]
carati "affection, esteem" [az96]
see Italian caro, cara "dear" [az96]
Indo-European
Celtic
seirc love /Gaelic, searc, seirc /Irish, serc /Old Irish, serch /Welsh, serc'h concubine /Breton, serch /Middle Breton: *serkâ, *serko-; Gothic saúrga, care, German sorge, sorrow, English sorrow; Sanskrit sûrkshati, respect, reverence, take thought about something. The favourite derivation is to ally it to Greek stérgw, I love, which would give a Gaelic teirg [from mcb]
suiridhe a courting, suiridheach (better suirtheach or suireach), a wooer /Gaelic, so Irish, also surighim, I woo, Middle Irish suirge, wooing, suirgech, procus: *su-reg-, root reg, direct, etc.? [from mcb]
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zabar-keria
(C) disarray /BasqueUralic
zav-ar
to disturb, upset; zûr-zavar disarray /HungarianAfro-Asiatic
*dbb {} *z^|bb to be mad, crazy /Semitic Protoform [ss]
zaba:bu 'to be in a frenzy, to act crazily' /Akkadian [ss]
dibb- 'folie aiguĕ, fureur'; ]; duba:b- 'folie, fureur' /Arabic [ss]
Altaic
zawatsuku
be noisy; be in commotion /Japanesezarata
(B,U) noise /BasqueUralic
csör-get to rattle, clatter; csör-ög to clatter /Hungarian {Hungarian /cs/ = /ch/}
csörgő-dob tambourine {"rattling' + "drum"} /Hungarian
csörömpöl to make a sharp noise /Hungarian
csörren clang; ring /Hungarian
zör-ej noise; zör-ög to rattle,clatter; /Hungarian
zűr mess, rumpus /Hungarian
Sumerian
zú-ra
to chatter, to be noisy; zar to tapAltaic
Turkic
∫arkyldamak to rattle, clatter, knock, rap; ∫arkyldy knock, rattle, clatter /Turkmen [glnp]
Japanese
chara-chara jingling; kara-koro with a clatter
Caucasian
*z^|a"rG|V tambourine /North Caucasian [ss]
*z^|[i]rG|a tambourine /Nakh [ss]
z^irG|a /Chechen; z^arG|a /Ingush [ss]
*z^irG|in tambourine /Andian [ss]
z^erG|e/n /Avar; z^|iG|i~ /Akhvakh; z^|iG|in /Tindi; z^|irG|in /Godoberi [ss]
ĉ:irG|iIlu tambourine /Lak [ss]
Dravidian
cilampu tinkling anklets worn by women (Ain:kur-u. 389); id. (Malayalam); oblong hollow ring filled with pebbles and shaken before an idol in worship (W.); cilampu-kar..i-no_n-pu ancient ceremony preliminary to marriage, probably consisting in removing the anklet of a bride (Ain:kur-u. 399, Urai.); cilampu-ku_r-al story of Ko_valan- selling the ankle; cilappatika_ram < cilampu + atika_ram an ancient poem by Il.an:ko_v-at.ikal. dealing with the story of Ko_valan- and Kan.n.aki, one of paca-ka_viyam (Tamil.lex.) jelk anklet with bells (Kota); zilal small bell (one with a string) on strap on bullock's neck (Kolami); ji_la_ small bell tied to the neck of an ox (Gondi)(DEDR 2572). [sk]
cilai twang, sound, roar, bellow; cilampu to make a tinkling noise (Tamil)(DEDR 1574). [sk]
Indo-European/Italic
? carrilhão chime /Portuguese
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zaku
(C) bag /BasqueUralic
zsák
sack; zsák-mány loot /Hungarian (Mesopotamian origin.)Sumerian
zuh[ZÚ] to steal, rob [jh]
Altaic
yagma booty; loot /Turkish
Indo-European/Italic
saque booty /Portuguese
zama
(C) (n.) load, burden (physical or spiritual) /BasqueUralic
csom-ó
knot; heap, pile, bundle; csom-ag bundle, package /HungarianHungarian csomó is officially thought to be of Finno-Ugrian origin. [see Chong]
*c'olme
to tie, to bind /FinnUgorsolmi
, solmu knot /Finnish; ĉuol'bmâ knot /Lappish; s'ulma bundle, knot /Mordvin; s'ulma bundle, knot /Mordvin [Chong]c.f Indo-European/Italic Spanish colman "heap"
Niger-Congo (?)
saamu to pile goods for sale /Mandinka [pc1]
saam (n.) bunch, pile, heap /Wollof [pc2]
Afro-Asiatic
Cognate Set <Hayward (1988) , #32> [oi4]
Omotic
c#'aan- load /Proto Ometo
c#'aan- load /Ari
Sino-Tibetan
*co:m (~ z|h-) bundle, sheaf /Sino-Tibetan [ss]
Chinese "sheaf, bundle"
zong 1 Modern (Beijing) < cun| Middle Chinese < co:n| Old Chinese [ss]
chom bundle, bunch. /Tibetan [ss]
ĉom 1 to be drawn together, to be compressed, to be crossed one over another, to be crumbled as cloth 2 to be clustered /Lepcha [ss]
*c/o:m (~ z|/-,-u:-) thicket /Sino-Tibetan [ss]
*z|/o:m collect, bring with /Sino-Tibetan [ss]
Altaic
*ĉ`omi stack, to stack /Altaic [ss]
*ĉu"mele stack, haystack /Turkic [ss]
ĉu"ma"la" /Tatar; s/@w|mele /Chuvash [ss]
*ĉomu 1 to collect, stack 2 haystack /Mongolian [ss]
comro- 1, comog 2 /Khalkha; ? con|x@ 'hillock' /Kalmuck; ĉumoG 'petite tente', c/omboG 'tas, meule' /Monguor [ss]
*ĉum- 1 to put into a stack 2 a wood stack /Tungus [ss]
ĉumĉe- 1, ĉumĉe /Evenki [ss]
*ĉ`iam[o] bud, bouquet /Altaic [ss]
*ĉemen 1 bouquet, bundle 2 a k. of grass (used for wrapping feet) /Turkic [ss]
ĉemen 1 /Turkmen [ss]
*ĉomurlag bouquet; bud /Mongolian [ss]
comorlog Khalkha [ss]
*ĉi:me, *ĉi:m-ĉikte 1 bud 2 cone 3 fir needle 4 grain, nut stone, kernel /Tungus [ss]
ĉimĉukte 2,3 /Negidal; ĉimĉikte 1,2 /Nanai; ĉimĉikte 1,2 /Ulcha; ĉipĉikte 1,3 /Orok; ĉi:me 4 /Evenki [ss]
Turkic
kume
heap, mass, hut, hide /TurkishTungus
comcok bunch, cluster /Manchu [as]
sumala bag, sack /Manchu [as]
Japanese
tsumaru (v.i.) to be packed; tsumeru (v.t.) to pack
Caucasian
*cu>jmV ( ~ -o>-) thick, dense /North Caucasian [ss]
*st.am-u(n) /-i(n) thick, dense /Nakh [ss]
stomma /Chechen; soma /Ingush; st.ami /Batsbi [ss]
{see Akkadian somma 'thick' [ss]}
*=ic:V- thick /Andian [ss]
=ic:a/-ta- /Avar [ss]
c:un-s:a dense /Lak [ss]
*c:uma- dense /Dargwa [ss]
zuma-si /Akusha [ss]
*Gw@>mV dense /North Caucasian [ss]
*G|w|omV- ( ~ -a-) 1 dense 2 to be dense /Andian [ss]
G|un-k- 2 /Avar; G|w|amo-b /Karata [ss]
q:uma-s:a narrow, cramped /Lak [ss]
*q:(w|)amV- dense /Lezghian [ss]
G|aIm /Udi [ss]
*G|w|@m@ ( ~ Gw|-) thick (of objects with circular surface) /Abkhaz-Adyghe [ss]
G|w|@m@ /Adyghe; G|w|@m /Circassian [ss]
*Gh_y>mbV (~-?|-) cluster, bunch /North Caucasian [ss]
*G|obu (~-a-) grape vine /Avaroandian [ss]
G|a/bu /Avar; G|abu /Akhvakh; G|ab /Chamalal [ss]
*x|omV ( ~ G|:-,-@-) a bunch of sheaves /Tsezian [ss]
G|oma /Bezhita [ss]
q:uImaj cluster, bunch (of grapes) /Lak [ss]
*q:ym- (~-u-) cluster, bunch /Lezghian [ss]
G|uma /Udi [ss]
Chukchee-Kamchatkan
*temHą
heap, pile /Proto Chukchee-Kamchatkan [ss]*ta.mhV- heap, pile /Chukchee-Koryak [ss]
tε'p?ε-n
, tε'pqε-n, /Chukchee; tamahąŋ /Koryak; tapuŋ /Alutor [ss]*tam heap, pile /Proto Itelmen [ss]
'oj-tam 'funeral pile" /West Itelmen [ss]
Dravidian
*k^um- headpad; to carry (on head) /Dravidian [ss]
*cum- heavy; to carry /South Dravidian [ss]
cuma (-pp-, -nt-) to become heavy as debt or interest, be burdened; bear, support, carry a burden, take upon oneself, bear in the womb /Tamil; cema to carry; cummat.u burden, load, load pad for head; cumatalai, cumaitalai burden, responsibility; cumati load, burden, abundance; cumattu (cumatti-) to burden, load, impose; cumai bearing, burden, load; cumaiyan_ porter; cumma:t.u load pad for head; cummai burden, charge; cimpuri coil of straw used for keeping steady a vessel, load, etc., as on the ground or head /Tamil; cuma burden, load /Malayalam; cumakka to carry a burden; cumat.u, co:t.u burden, load; cumatala charge, duty; cumattuka to load, charge; cummal load; cumma:t.u pad for head to carry burdens; cummuka to bear, carry /Malayalam; simbi, simbe ring of cloth to be put under a vessel, etc., upon the head; a coil for setting a vessel on the ground; the coil of a snake /Kannad.a; tumbuni, tumbu, sumbu, humbu to bear, carry as a load; tumba:vuni to load; tumbon.uni, tummon.uni to bear or suffer, be patient /Tulu [ss]
*cum- carrying pad (pa:ta cloth); basic form: cumma; dialect forms (1): cumpa:ta /Telugu [ss]
*c/um- head-pad /Kolami-Gadba [ss]
cumma pad on head for carrying /Naikri; : cumt.al carrying pad on head /Parji; sumt.al head-pad for carrying loads /Pottangi Gadba [ss]
*cum-ad headpad /Gondwan [ss]
*cumaR /Gondi; *simbori /Konda [ss]
*kum- to carry on head /North Dravidian [ss]
kum?na to take and carry on head, make oneself responsible for, confess, be pregnant as result of a fault /Kurukh; kume to take upon one's head, accept terms, take charge of /Malto [ss]
kub-e:n heavy /Brahui [ss]
Etruscan
cemu- burden, heavy; cemul heap, pile [az96]
cumn-, cumln- "burden, throng" [az96]
Indo-European
Italic
colman heap /Spanish
c.f. with Uralic above
cūmūlus -i
heap, pile, mass; addition, increase, finishing touch /LatinSlavic
čama
tedium, depression, gloom, blues, apathy, listlessness /Serbo-Croatiangomila multitude,crowd,mass,cluster,knot,mob,legion,host,horde,pile,heap /Serbo-Croatian
omot wrapper, envelope; parcel, package; zamot parcel, package /Serbo-Croatian
chumáč cluster /Slovak
zapar
(onomat.) sound of a strong rain; zapar-rada (B,G,L,U) downpour /Basquezápor
downpour /HungarianAfro-Asiatic
Cognate Set <Newman et al. (1966), #80> [oi4]
Chadic
zubaa pour /Hausa; z@ pour /Tera
Cognate Set <Dolgopol'skij (1973) , p. 100 #1> [oi4]
Cushitic
Agaw
suwa rain /Kemant; suwa rain /Xamta; zuwa zowa pl zu'zow, zuw rain /Bilin; zowa rain /Xamir; suwa rain /Qwara
Cushitic, South
soho rain /Maa
Semitic
z?`b be full of water /Arabic
Cognate Set <Dolgopol'skij (1973) , p. 123 #2> [oi4]
Cushitic
Agaw
s#inbel storm wind /Qwara
Cushitic, East
dabail storm wind /Somali
Cushitic, South
tlubey downpour /Alagwa; tlubay downpour /Burunge; tluway downpour /Gorowa; tluw- rain, drip /Iraqw
Semitic
d!wp stream abundantly overflow /Proto Semitic
Omotic
doobi rain /Ari; doomo rain /Bana (Hamer); ts'e?'ina downpour /Chara; deebo rain /Dime; dobi rain /Karo
Cognate Set <Sasse (1983) , p. 106 #> [oi4]
Cushitic, East
c#'ab- wet /Burji; c#'ap- /Harso; c#'ap- /Dobase; k'ap- /Gollango; k'ap- /Gawwada; c#'ap- /Gidole
Cognate Set <Ehret (1987) , #352> [oi4]
Cushitic
Bedawiye, Beja
d!ib fall, go down /Bedawiye, Beja
Agaw
d@bby fall /Bilin
Cushitic, East
d/ip- rain /Gawwada
Cushitic, South
dlub- , tlub- , lub- rain /Proto South Cushitic
Cognate Set <Leslau (1987) , p. 641a #2> [oi4]
Cushitic, Agaw
zuwa zowa pl zu'zow, zuw rain /Bilin; zowa rain /Xamir
Semitic
znm rain /Geez
Cognate Set <Fleming (1988) , #56> [oi4]
Omotic
doobi rain /Ari; deebo rain /Dime; doob- , dub- , dob- rain /Hamer
Altaic/Turkic [glnp]
çabga downpour /Turkmen
∫abyrdamak to pour, flow, spread /Turkmen
Austric
awha heavy rain /Mäori [ng]
ua, ua tata downpour /Mäori [ng]
Indo-European/Indo-Iranian/Iranian
saub (v.n.) raining, falling (rain); pouring forth water (a cloud); etc. /Persian [fjs]
[fjs] lists the Persian as a loan from Semitic.Arabic.
shu'bub shower or sudden downpour of rain; the side of anything /Persian [fjs]
[fjs] lists the Persian as a loan from Semitic.Arabic.
csepp a drop; a bit; csöp-ög, csep-eg to drip /Hungarian
Uralic
*c'Vppe-
to drip, a drip /FinnUgorAfro-Asiatic
Semitic
dwb V /Aramaic [cal]
011 JLATg,JBA to flow, to drip 012 Syr to have gonorrhea 013 Syr to melt 014 Syr to flow down, to decay 021 Palestinian to wear away 022 Syr to make to flow 023 Syr to disturb 051 Syr to flow down, to decay 031 Palestinian,Syr to make to flow
LS2 144
dwb N dwb) /Aramaic [cal]
1 Palestinian,Syr gonorrheal flow 2 Syr flow of water 3 Syr hemorrhage 4 Syr catarrh 5 Syr headache 6 Syr distilling of wine 7 Syr %ddeb$A)% dripping honey 8 Syr %me$AyA)% menstruation
LS2 144
LS2 v: dawb.A) R dwb
$pk V /Aramaic[cal]
011 Palestinian,JBA to pour out, spill (tr.) 012 JLAGal to spill (intr.) 041 JLATg,JBA to be spilled (of blood) 042 Syr to be poured
LS2 795, J 1617
Cognate Set <Cohen (1947) , #341> [oi4]
Cushitic, Agaw
t'@bb- drip, fall in drops /Bilin
Cushitic, East
tobb ya drip /Saho; d/imbiba drip /Oromo; c#'op- drip /Oromo
Semitic
t'ippaa drop(n) /Hebrew; ant!bt!b drip /Geez
Egyptian
dfdf drip /Old Egyptian; t_tf flow down /Old Egyptian
Chadic
d!igo drop /Hausa
Cognate Set < Ehret (1987) , #137> [oi4]
Bedawiye, Beja
s#efi is#af live on milk (Bedawiye, Beja)
Cushitic
Cushitic, Agaw
c#ab-, c#a"b- milk /Proto Agaw
tsaf, tsab milk /Awngi
Cushitic, East
c#'ob- drip /Proto East Cushitic
c#'afc#'afii swampy place where too much water has ... /Oromo
Cushitic, South
tyuf- trickle /Proto South Cushitic
Cognate Set <Ehret (1987) , #618> [oi4]
Cushitic
Bedawiye, Beja
t'ab (Ro) rain steadily (Bedawiye, Beja)
Agaw
t'@bb- drip, fall in drops /Bilin
Cushitic, East
d!ib- (Proto) rain /Dullay
Cushitic, South
dlub- , tlub- , lub- rain /Proto South Cushitic
lub*- rain /Dahalo
Altaic
habbe grain, seed /Turkish
tsubu a grain; a drop /Japanese
Indo-European
Slavic (????)
kap drop (of liquid); bead of sweat; seizure (fit, attack) of apoplexy; kapati to drip, dribble, ooze, leak, run, pour out in drops /Serbo-Croatian
kvapkanie drip /Slovak
Indo-Iranian
Iranian
sabb pouring out; effusion; being smitten with love; a lover; flowing (water); victuals poured out /Persian [fjs]
A loan from Semitic/Arabic according to [fjs]
Indo-Aryan
thipa, thipa_ round mark, a drop (Or.iya_); the_va drop (Pali, Prakrit.); stip ooze, drip (Sanskrit) [sk]
zapata
shoe /Basquecipõ
shoe(s) /HungarianUralic
sabu
shoe /Vogul -Ugrian; sob-ki shoestring /NgOfficially, Hungarian cipő is from cipellő meaning "shoe" which is ultmately from Latin.[Chong]
You have to wonder just which Latin word is the alleged source when we have
sutor shoe-maker; calceus, solea (=slipper) shoe /Latin
crepida, solea sandal (also slipper) /Latin
Perhaps a cip-ő "shoe" is what one cip-el "drags, carries" on one's foot? After all, the literal meaning of cipellő is "one who carries, drags".
Sumerian
šuhub2
boots [jh]Afro-Asiatic
Semitic
*ŝayp.- {} *ĉayp.- foot, sole of foot /Protoform [ss]
ŝe:pu, ŝe:pi:tu 'foot' /Akkadian [ss]
Egyptian
tjbw sandal-maker; tjbt sandal; sole (of foot) /Old Egyptian [cgj]
Cognate Set <Dolgopol'skij (1973) , p. 120 #4> [oi4]
Cushitic
Bedawiye, Beja
s#ib shoe (Bedawiye, Beja)
Agaw
s#anfi sole of the foot, shoe /Bilin; s#amba sandal. shoe /Kemant; s#afa heel, sandal /Qwara; tsaba sole of foot, shoe /Xamir; c#'ama shoe /Xamta; c#ammi (c#'R), c#am (h!) shoe, sole of foot /Awngi
Cushitic, East
c#obada shoe /Konso
Cushitic, South
is#iba shoe /Asa(x)
Semitic
s#u?`ubat- branch /Arabic; sa?`f rami foliaque palmae /Arabic; se?`i_p branch /Hebrew; s#e_pu(m) pes /Akkadian; s'ab foot /Sokotri; c#'amma shoe foot length of foot /Amharic
Chukchee-Kamchatkan
*t'ąγ
we-'n foot-wear, torbaz (обувь, торбаз) /Proto Chukchee-Kamchatkan [ss: PN423]*cąweri ~ *cąwari
summer foot-wear (летняя обувь) /Proto Chukchee-Koryak [ss; PN240]cwεri
/Chukchee; cwej (I) /Koryak; sare-wwi (Pl.) /Palan; cvari- /Alutor [ss]*śfą-n
/Proto Itelmen [ss: PN432]sf-noŋ , Pl. sfŭ'n torbaz (торбаз) /Sedank dialect; š/sxin , švxin "caligae e pellis" /West Itelmen; sa'amut , sxanud Pl. "calceamentum factum e pellibus" /SIT [ss]
Altaic
*t`a:/ba/ foot, footwear /Altaic [ss]
*da:pan # foot, sole /Turkic [ss]
taban /Karakhanid; da:ban /Turkmen; tuban (Anatri) /Chuvash [ss]
*tabag foot, paw /Mongol [ss]
tabag| /Written Mongolian; tavag, tavxaj /Khalkha; tabgaj /Buriat; tawaG /Ordos; tawaG /Monguor [ss]
*tabu- fur footwear /Tungus [ss]
tawur, taubun /Evenki; te:wun /Even [ss]
*ta\mp(u)î a k. of socks /Japanese [ss]
ta\b(j)i/ (Old Japanese); ta/bi (Tokyo); ta\bî (Kyoto); tabi/ (Kagoshima) [ss]
Ainu
keri shoe [sm]
Dravidian
*k^erp- sandal, shoe /Dravidian [ss]
*kerVp- South Dravidian [ss]
ceruppu sandal, slipper, shoe /Tamil; cerippu sandal, slipper, shoe /Malayalam; kera, keravu, kerahu, kerpu sandal, slipper, shoe /Kannada [ss]
*kerv sandal, slipper, shoe Nilgiri [ss]
kevr /Kota; kerf /Toda [ss]
*cepp- sandal, slipper, shoe /Telugu [ss]
Basic form: ceppu [ss]
*k^erp- shoe, sandal /Kolami-Gadba [ss]
kerri "shoe" /Kolami; kerri "shoe, boot" /Naikri; keri (pl. -gu), kerig "shoe, slipper" /Naiki; cerup, cerpu "sandal" /Parji [ss]
*serp- (*c-) shoe, sandal /Gondwan
*serp- shoe, sandal /Gondi [ss]
sarpum /Betul-1; sarpo /Mandla; sarpu (pl. -hk) /Betul-2; harpunj (pl. harpuhk) /Muria; erpunj (pl. erpusk) /Maria; erpum /Koya; harpunj /Maria; serpum /Adilabad; herpunj /Dorli [ss]
sepu shoe /Kond.a [ss]
*cep-u shoe Kui-Kuwi [ss]
seppu: , cepunga "sandals", seppu /Kuwi [ss]
*karp- straps (without sole) crossed over and worn round the ankle /North /Dravidian [ss]
kharpa: Kurukh [ss]
Indo-European
Indo-Iranian/Iranian
č∂b∂v
men's sandals (of leather) /Baluchi [mab]chabha sandals /N. Baluchi [mld]
sawás Baloch sandals, made of the leaves of the dwarf palm /N. Baluchi [mld]
Italic
sabata
shoe /Occitan; zapato shoe /Spanishcrepida sandal; calceus, solea (=slipper) shoe /Latin
sŏlěa, -ae a sandal; a kind of letter; a shoe for an animal; a fish, the sole /Latin
sutor shoe-maker /Latin
pes foot; solum, planta sole of the foot /Latin
Slavic
cipela shoe, boot /Serbo-Croatian
zaobuť shoe /Slovak
Russian [rh]
chobot/chebot boot(s)
These Russian words are of Turkish origin (ultimately from Persian) according to [rh]
sapogi were the major type of boots, for the years 1600-1722.
The singular form, sapog is found in Old Church Slavonic and seems to have closer affinity to Finnish than other possible origins.
also c.f. cipők (plural) shoes /Hungarian
sarú (archaic) shoe, sandal /Hungarian
Altaic
c'ar-ik
shoe /TurkishCaucasian
*t.yrix|V a k. of foot-wear /Proto North Caucasian [ss: 1498]
*t.yx|:V-lV (~-i-,-G|-) boot sole /Proto Tsezian [ss: 690]
Bezhita: t.ix|la
*t.yryx| 1 leathern foot-wear 2 soft slippers for children /Proto Lezghian [ss: 984]
Lezghi: t.irix|-ar 1; Tabasaran: t.irx| 1; Agul: t.irix| 2
An interesting Tsez.-Lezg. isogloss (unfortunately, attested only in a few languages) [ss]
Indo-European
Slavic
charki / chary was another Turkish word for 'shoe(s)' borrowed by the Russians, most commonly in Siberia [rh]
Indo-Iranian
Iranian
shur a shoe /Persian [fjs]
Indo-Aryan
caraNatra
`" foot-saver "' , a shoe /SanskritSumerian
èsir
shoe, sandal [jh]zapi
(B,G,U) cloth /BasqueUralic
*ŝäNge(-)
weave,wrap /F.U.; siotta to weave /Finnishcsip-ke lace << ? csip to pinch, snip out areas of something like cloth./Hungarian
szabó tailor < szab to cut out material, szab-ja < szab-ol /Hungarian
szö to weave; szöv-et cloth, material /Hungarian
Hungarian sző, szöv- plot; spin, weave are officially from FU.
*s'eng3, etc. hair (Proto FU) [Chong]
zsib-vásár rag fair; second-hand market /Hungarian
szötes
woven things /HungarianSumerian
sita4
to bind, band,tie; zar5 to spin, twineAfro-Asiatic/Semitic
subatu
material, cloth /AkkadianAltaic
*su:bi to tie, bind /Altaic [ss]
*sub-luk (*syb-luk) horse's bit /Turkic [ss]
suluq /Turkish [ss]
*soji- to tie up a horse, to keep a horse tied /Mongolian [ss]
*su:b- 1 to untie 2 to tie, bind 3 string, rope 4 to unwrap 5 harness strap /Tungus [ss]
su:we- 4, sopti.n- 2 /Negidal; su- 1, subexe 3 /Manzhu; sopsi.n- 2, soptan|Gi. 3 /Nanai; supsien- 2, su.ptan|Gi. 3 /Ulcha; su:- 2 /Orok; hu:- 1, huhtin| 3, (Arm.) sovar 5 /Even; su:v- 1, suptilgi 3 /Evenki [ss]
Tungus
cobto rags, shreds; to shreds /Manchu [as]
jibehun bedding quilt /Manchu [as]
Chukchee-Kamchatkan
*chąwet- ?
dual clothing; to sew clothing 1 ( двойная одежда; шить одежду 1) /Proto Chukchee-Koryak [ss: PN332]cą'wąt
, -cwąt (I) /Chukchee; (c)hąwenni- 1 /Koryak [ss]Dravidian
s'aba cloth, clothes /Kannad.a [sk]
caval.i cloth, piece-goods (Tamil); any cloth (Malayalam); javal.i cloth of any kind (Kannad.a); cloth (Tulu); cloths, drapery (Telugu) [sk]
Indo-European
Classical Greek [lsj1]
sa^ban-on, to, linen cloth or towel
Italic/Latin [lsj1]
sabănum
a linen cloth for wiping, wrapping up in, etc.; a towel, napkin{Charlton T. Lewis, Charles Short, A Latin Dictionary}
Celtic
Gaelic gibeach hairy, gibeag, a rag, bundle, Irish giobach, giobóg, and giob, tail, rag, Old Irish gibhne, cirrus: [mcb]
Slavic
čip-ka
lace (-ka diminutive) /Serbo-CroatianIndo-Iranian/Iranian
chapan, chuppan tattered garments /Persian [fjs]
Yuki
ši·p- sew2; ši·pe to sew [y84]
zati
(C) part, portion, piece /Basqueszé-t
asunder, apart; szét-oszt to apportion /HungarianSumerian
ze
cut, shear; zig, zi go out, uproot, expend, rise, partition [jh]Afro-Asiatic
Semitic
śţţ
to tear apart, split /Semitic Root [ahd]Cognate Set <Ehret (1987) , #170> [oi4]
Cushitic
Bedawiye, Beja
s#etit(R) tear to pieces/cut up (Bedawiye, Beja)
Cushitic, South
c#'at- cut down /Proto Rift
Altaic
Turkic
çat split, crack, crevice /Turkmen [glnp]
Japanese
zuta-zuta
into shreds, to pieces; -zutsu little by littleIndo-European/Celtic
se- apart /Gaulish [cg1]
széttép to tear to pieces; to dismember /Hungarian
Uralic
Hungarian consists of szét "apart,asunder" + tép "to tear,rip"
Afro-Asiatic
stp dismemberment, ruin; cut up (ox OK) /Egyptian [cgj]
sze-l
to slice /HungarianUralic
*s'ele
slice /Ugor? zsilip sluice, dike lock /Hungarian
Sumerian
sila, sil; síl, zil; si-il to cut into; to divide [jh]
si-il to split; to tear apart; to go away, absent oneself [jh]
Sino-Tibetan
*z|il/ divide, split /Sino-Tibetan [ss]
gsil to cut to pieces, to divide, to split. /Tibetan [ss]
z|en2 to clip, shear /Kachin [ss]
Afro-Asiatic
Cognate Set <Greenberg (1963) , #2> [oi4]
Cushitic
Bedawiye, Beja
sal sharp (Bedawiye, Beja)
Agaw
sil knife /Xamir; selau sharp /Qwara
Chadic
salo cut /Ngizim; siil cut /Gulfei; hal stab /Buduma; zala arrow /Balda; sellam arrow /Mofu; suil knife /Gisiga; saalu knife /Barein
Altaic
*č
`alu to cut /Altaic [ss]*čal-
/Turc*c^e:\lV to split, hole, crack /Altaic [ss]
*dil- to split, cut in slices /Turkic [ss]
til- /Old Turkic; dil /Turkish; dilim /Azeri; dil- /Turkmen; c^@l- /Chuvash [ss]
*c^ilu"g|e space between, leisure /Mongolian [ss]
c^ilu"ge /Written Mongolian; c^olo (SH) /Middle Mongolian; c^o"lo": /Khalkha; c^o"le|:n /Kalmuck; c^ule: /Dagur; c/oloG 'enfonceurent' /Monguor [ss]
*z^|e:lge crack, narrow passage /Tungus [ss]
z^|elge~ /Nanai; z^|e:lge /Evenki [ss]
*sala to be separated /Altaic [ss]
*sal(u)- to become separated; to branch off /Mongolian [ss]
salu- /Written Mongolian; sala- /Khalkha; sal- /Kalmuck; sala-; sala: 'branch' /Dagur; sal-, sala 'branch' /Monguor [ss]
*salga- interval between legs 2 cross-road /Tungus [ss]
salga 1 /Negidal; salz^|a 2, sarg/a 1 /Manzhu; salGa~ 1 /Nanai; salda(n) 1 Orok; ha:lgú. 1 /Even; salgan 1 /Evenki [ss]
Dravidian
*sel- to split, crack /Dravidian [ss]
*sel-ai (*c-) crack /South Dravidian [ss]
sele\ chink, crack, flaw as in a stone /Tulu [ss]
*sel- (*c-) to cut /Telugu [ss]
Basic form: selagu; Dialect forms (1): selayu [ss]
*cal-q- to open; to split /North Dravidian [ss]
calxna: "to open, uncover" /Kurukh; calge "to split, or break open" /Malto [ss]
cal-[e:ng]ing to become cracked, split /Brahui [ss]
*cil.- branch, bifurcation /Dravidian (Number in DED: 2587) [ss]
*cil.- branch, bifurcation /South Dravidian [ss]
cilla (Tiyya, Calicut) small branch of a tree /Malayalam; cil.l.e bifurcation, a fork (as that formed by two branches) /Kannada; gellu. (?) (B-K) branch, twig /Tulu [ss]
*Sil branch of a tree, tine of antlers, tributary of river /Nilgiri [ss]
cil /Kota [ss]
*cil.l.- bifurcated /Telugu [ss]
Basic form: cil.l.a (B)
Derivatives: Also cil.l.u a fork (as that formed by two branches) [ss]
*SeL- (*z^|-) branch /Kolami-Gadba [ss]
cella, jella "branch, bough" /Parji [ss]
cf. Hungarian gally "twigs, branches, loppings"
Etruscan
zal, zel, za-, zl, esal, esal-s, esl, eśl two [am91, cb, lb, pa, dep, gzb]
Indo-European
Reconstruction
see *del, *dele "to split" /PIE [pa]
Germanic
and also see German Zahl "number" [pa]
Muskogean/Eastern
chałka
1. to be split, sliced [/chał (af)-ka1] 2. strip of leather, leather thong /Alabama [tm]Yuki
sil tear, rip [y84]
zikin
(C) dirty, filthy; spot, filth, dirt; zikindu to get dirty, soiled; to get (something) dirty /BasqueUralic
szégy-el to be ashamed; szégy-en shame /Hungarian
Officially, Hungarian szégy- is of unknown origin. [Chong]
Sumerian
azag taboo [jh]
uzug 2,3,4,5 person under a taboo, etc. [jh]
Dravidian
*cigg- shame /Dravidian [ss]
sigga_l.i a person who is ashamed, a bashful person; siggiga a daitya or ra_kshasa (Kannad.a); seggu reproach, censure (Telugu); siggondu, sigga_gu to feel ashamed, to become bashful (Kannad.a) (Kannad.a lex.) [sk]
cikku modesty, shame (Tamil); cig shame, self-respect (Kota); sig shame (Toda); siggu shame, decency, modesty, bashfuless, timidity, disgust; sigga_l.i a person who is ashamed, a bashful person (Kannad.a); siggu shame, disgrace, dishonour, bashfulness, shyness, coyness, modesty; siggari one who is ashamed, bashful or shy (Telugu); fem. siggarikattiya (otte); siggaritanamu bashfulness, shyness, shamefacedness (Telugu); siggar-u to have no shame; siggi_d.i a shameless or brazen-faced person (Telugu); sig shame (Gondi); sigu id. (Kond.a); siku, sigu id. (Kuwi)(DEDR 2500).[sk]
eggu, heggu shame, feeling of disgrace, blame, harm; eggul.i a bashful person, a rustic or low person; egga a rude, rustic, stupid, or low man; eggul.itana shame, bashfulness (Kannad.a); eggu harm, evil, mischief, shame, disgrace, blame; eggincu to disregard, slight, wrong, injure; egga_d.u to find fault with, blame, reproach, revile, abuse (Telugu)(DEDR 776). [sk]
Indo-European
Celtic
?? Gaelic sgeamh severe or cutting language, Irish sgeamhaim, I scold, reproach: *skemo-; Norse skamma, to shame, to scold, English shame, sham? The word sgeamh also means "a disgust" in Gaelic. [mcb]
zirimiri
sprinkle, drizzle /BasqueBasque
Dr. Larry Trask calls such words 'm-reduplications' which he says are more often constructed out of thin air, because of their appealing sound. He stresses that /m/ is *very* frequent in expressive formations in Basque, probably because of its very rarity in the earlier language. [ryan1]
Uralic
szór
sprinkle, disperse /HungarianOfficially, Hungarian szór is of Turkic origin. [Chong]
Sumerian
šár,
sár dispersed in all directions, totality, world [jh]Niger-Congo (?)
caari (v.) to scatter /Mandinka [pc1]
Afro-Asiatic
Egyptian
swr scatter, spread /Coptic Egyptian [cgj]
Semitic
Hebrew
Zeruwa` that which is sown, sowing, thing sown
(Old Testament Strong No. 2221)
Zara` to sow, scatter seed (a) (Qal) 1. to sow; (2) producing, yielding see; (b) (Niphal) 1. to be sown; (2) to become pregnant, be made pregnant; (c) (Pual) to be sown; (d) (Hiphil) to produce seed, yield seed
(Old Testament Strong No. 2232)
Zera`seed, sowing, offspring (a) a sowing; (b) seed; (c) semen virile; (d) offspring, descendants, posterity, children; (e) of moral quality - a practitioner of righteousness (fig.); (f) sowing time (by meton
(Old Testament Strong No. 2233)
Zaraq to scatter, sprinkle, toss, throw, scatter abundantly, strew; (Qal) to scatter, sprinkle, toss; (Pual) to be sprinkled
(Old Testament Strong No. 2236)
Aramaic [cal]
zwr( N zwr()
1 Syr sowing
LS2 207
LS2 v.: zuwrA(A)
zrw( N zrw()
1 passim sower
LS2 207
LS2 v.: zArow(A)
zr( V
011 passim to sow 012 Syr to beget 013 Syr to scatter 041 Syr to be sown 042 Syr to be disseminated 043 Syr to be scattered 031 JLATg to bring forth seed 032 Syr to scatter seed
LS2 207 J 414
zr( N zr()
1 passim seed 2 passim sowing 3 passim offspring, family 4 JLATg semen
LS2 207
LS2 v.: zar(A)
zr(#2 N zr() 1 JLATg,Syr sowing
LS2 207
LS2 v.: zrA(A)
zr(n N zr(t) 1 Syr sowing
LS2 207
LS2 v.: zar:(AtA)
Cognate Set <Hayward (1988) , #6> [oi4]
Omotic
zer- seed, sow /Proto Ometo
zer- seed, sow /Ari
Austro-Asiatic
tirr.i to sprinkle (Santali.lex.) [sk]
Ainu
cari to throw, to scatter [sm]
Altaic
sob- (Altai, Khakass); savur- (Chagatai, Osman, Turk - Kashgari); sõvõr (Chuvash); suïr (Tatar) [Chong]
çarp to multiply /Turkish
Dravidian
si_r-umbul. being scattered, sprinkled, etc. (Kannad.a); ci.rl (to rain) in a drizzle (Kota); si.r spray (Toda); si_r-u to be scattered, be sprinkled, fly about; si_r-pani spray or fine drops of water (Kannad.a); cir-umu to fling, throw; ji_ria_ fountain (Telugu); sir.k to sprinkle water (Telugu); si_rpa (si_rt-) to shake out, sprinkle; n. act of sprinkling, shaking out; sir.si giva to sprinkle (Kui)(DEDR 2640). [sk]
Indo-European/Indo-Iranian/Iranian
zar` (v.n.) sowing, scattering seed; seed; a sown field. /Persian [fjs]
[fjs] says the Persian is a loan from Semitic/Arabic.
zarra` a sower, farmer; -- zurra` (pl. of zari`) sowers /Persian [fjs]
ziri-tu
(C) to block /BasqueUralic
zár
(v.) to lock; (n.) a lock; el-zár to block, "shut away", lock /HungarianOfficially, Hungarian zár is derived from závár "bar", "bolt", "lock" which is supposed to be of Slavic origin. [Chong]
Sumerian
sur (v.) to delimit, bound, divide; (n.) a garden plant; rushes; chaff, chopped straw [jh]
Afro-Asiatic
Cognate Set <Dolgopol'skij (1973) , p. 304 #1> [oi4]
Cushitic
Bedawiye, Beja
eseer pen (Bedawiye, Beja)
Cushitic, East
ijaar build /Oromo; hut'a enclosed area hedge /Sidamo; ijaar(-ki) pen /Somali; oot'a fence /Hadiyya
Semitic
h!z!r penned-in area /Proto Semitic
Altaic
*sar/o fence, village /Altaic [ss]
*sor/ak village /Turkic [ss]
sozaq ( ~ -u-) /Old Turkic [ss]
*siro"ge 1 fence 2 muzzle /Mongolian [ss]
siru"ge Written Mongolian; ŝo"ro"g /Khalkha; ŝo"rg@ /Kalmuck [ss]
*saru- 1 a sit in boat made like a tent 2 fence /Tungus [ss]
sa:ru.(n) 1 /Ulcha; sari.(n) 1, saru.qa 2 /Orok [ss]
*satua home village /Japanese [ss]
satwo /Old Japanese; sato /Tokyo [ss]
Caucasian
*h|az|_a:rV enclosure, wattle-fence /North Caucasian [ss]
*z|?_a:ra 1 wattle-fence 2 wattle /Nakh [ss]
z?|a:ra 1 /Chechen; z?|ar 1 /Ingush; zar 2 /Batsbi [ss]
*?ac.:ar ( ~ hI-) enclosure, pen /Lezghian [ss]
at:ur /Tabasaran; ad:ar /Rutul [ss]
Dravidian
ta_r..-p-pa_l. bolt, bar (Tamil); ta_r.. bolt, bar, latch, blocks in a wall to support beams (Tamil) (DEDR 3179) [sk]
(1) Indo-European
Celtic
serr closed /Breton [gp]
Indo-Iranian/Iranian
zurafin a bar, a bolt; the ring of a door-post for fastening a door /Persian [fjs]
zurfin a bolt or ring of a door /Persian [fjs]
(2) Indo-European
Italic
sĕra, -ae a bar, bolt /Latin [Cassell's]
[ahd] tentatively suggests that this might derive from "that which aligns" that is, it might be related to Proto Indo-European *ser-2 "to line up". [Check out Hungarian sor "row, line"]
zitu
(LN,U) (n.) fruit (of a harvest) /Basqueszed to collect, gather, raise; to pluck, pick (fruit, flower) /Hungarian
szed-és gathering, plucking; the "fruit" of the harvest /Hungarian
Uralic
Officially, Hungarian szed is 'possibly' of F-U origin.
? s'in'd'ems to break apart, break away/off, break down (Erzya); s'in'd'@ms id. (Mokša) [Chong]
Sumerian
šita (4), èšda; šid 3,4,5 (n.) band; bond, tie (v.) to bind; to be together; to join, link with; to couple (adj.) bound, intact [jh]
Afro-Asiatic
s.ed payment /Phœnician [cgj]
Altaic/Tungus
šodokû scoop-net; šodombi to scoop /Manchu [as]
Austro-Asiatic
sidi to collect or demand payment of dues other than rents; rinko sidia they collect debts; taka sidiya sen akana he has gone to collect money due to him (Santali.lex.) sad hondar a tax-gatherer (Santali.lex.) sadhu a certain class of Hindu mendicants (Santali.lex.) [sk]
Dravidian
se_dya cultivation, farming (Kannad.a); se_dyamu (Telugu) (DEDR 2811).[sk]
Indo-European
Greek
Greek sito-s "corn, wheat" resembles the Basque but is without an explanation within the frame of Indo-European [mo]
Slavic
žeti
to reap, cut with a scythe /Serbo-CroatianIndo-Iranian
Iranian/Avestan
sudkhor usurer /Pashto [tr]
Indo-Aryan
sa_dhu moneylender /Sanskrit [sk]
csőd-ít, csőd-ül
to collect together, assemble, gather, crowd /Hungarian {/cs/ sounds like /ch/ in English}Uralic
csőd
bankruptcy, failure /HungarianOne expert source believes Hungarian csőd and csődít possibly derive from the obscure word cserdít- "crack" (a whip) ? [Chong]
In other words we haven't a clue.
Sumerian
šita (4), èšda; šid 3,4,5 (n.) band; bond, tie (v.) to bind; to be together; to join, link with; to couple (adj.) bound, intact [jh]
Indo-European/Indo-Iranian
chidan to collect, gather /Persian [fjs]
chida gathered /Persian [fjs]
chinagh p.p. chitha, to pick up, gather, collect. P. chídan /N. Baluchi [mld]
zori
(C) luck,fate,destiny; suerte (B,G) luck /BasqueUralic
szer-encse
luck; sor-s fate, destiny /Hungarian_
ír write /HungarianSumerian
sar
to write "it is written"; šer decide, decisionAltaic
sir
write/Chuvasservet riches, wealth. /Turkish
*z^are good, favorable /Altaic [ss]
*jara- /Turkic
*z^ari-n /Tungus
*ĉar /Korean
*do'ro'- Japanese [ss]
Basque
zori
luck, fate, destiny"This word is unusually interesting. It is attested in early texts as meaning `omen', and the great Basque linguist Michelena reconstructs the original sense as simply `bird'. Centuries ago it was a common practice to try to foretell the future by studying the flight of birds, and the Basque word for `bird' came to have the sense of `omen'. It is the palatalized form of this word, (t)xori, which is today the universal Basque word for `bird'." [lt]
suerte
(B,G) luck < Romance?Etruscan
šuri
god of luck; šurte luck(1) Indo-European
Italic/Latin
sors, sortis "a lot; a casting of lots; an oracular response, prophecy" [Cassell's]
[ahd] tentatively suggests that perhaps this might derive from "that which aligns" that is, it might be related to Proto Indo-European *ser-2 "to line up". [Check out Hungarian sor "row, line"]
(2) Indo-European
Slavic
sreća
happiness; luck, good fortune; prosperity /Serbo-Croatian![]()
Whites and Off-whites?
zuri
(C), txuri (G), xuri white /Basquesárga yellow /Hungarian
Uralic
Hungarian sárga is seen as a loan from Turkic.
Sino-Tibetan [ss: 1541]
*sy:r(H) yellow, bright (metal) /Proto Sino-Tibetan
Chinese *s@:r? bright and well-polished metal.; Tibetan: gser gold, ser yellow; Burmese: hrwij gold, LB *sruj ; Lushei: thi:r iron, KC *m?-thi:r
Kiranti: *se\l
Altaic
*sia:\jri white; yellow /Proto Altaic [ss: 2036]
*siaryg 1 yellow 2 white /Proto Turkic [ss: 95]
Old Turkic: s/aryg| (Orkh.), saryg| (OUigh.) 1 ; Karakhanid: saryg| (MK) ; Middle Turkic: saryg| 1 (Abush., Pav.C.) ; Turkish: sary 1 ; Azeri: sary 1 ; Gagauz: sary 1 ; Turkmen: sa:ry 1 ; Khaladzh: sa:rug| 'orange' ; Salar: sary 1 ; Sary-Yughur: saryg| 1 ; Tatar: sary 1 ; Kirghiz: sary 1 ; Kazakh: sary 1 ; Noghai: sary 1 ; Balkar: sary 1 ; Kumyk: sary 1 ; Karakalpak: sary 1 ; Uzbek: sariq 1 ; Uighur: seriq 1 ; Bashkir: hary 1 ; Khakassian: saryg| 1 ; Tuva-Tofalar: saryg 1 ; Altai: sary 1 ; Chuvash: ŝorú 2 ; Yakut: arag|as 1; ary: 'butter' ; Dolgan: ary: 'butter'
*sira yellow /Proto Mongolian [ss: 107]
Written Mongolian: sira ; Middle Mongolian: ŝira, seira:, ŝira> ; Khalkha: ŝar ; Buriat: ŝara ; Kalmuck: ŝar@ ; Ordos: ŝara ; Dongxian: ŝ@ra, ŝyra ; Baoan: ŝira ; Shary-Yoghur: ŝ@ra ; Monguor: s/ira ; Dagur: ŝara, ŝar, ŝari
*siaru:- 1 lightning, rainbow 2 light /Proto Tungus [ss: 212]
Evenki: se:^ru:-n 1 ; Manzhu: ŝari 2 ; Orok: se:^rro, si.ro 1
*ha>/i- white /Proto Korean [ss: 100]
Modern Korean: hi- ; Middle Korean: ha>/i-
*si\rua\- white /Proto Japanese [ss: 89]
Old Japanese: si\rwo\- ; Tokyo: shiro/i ; Kyoto: si/roi ; Kagoshima: ŝiroka
Basque
zuri (C), txuri (G), xuri white
Also has other connotations such as `lazy', `useless', and `hypocritical, sycophantic'. The Basque linguist Azkue has proposed that it derives from zur `wood', which is possible but uncertain. [lt]
szürk-ül "it is growing dusk"; szürk-ül-et twilight < szürke grey; ordinary, commonplace /Hungarian
Uralic
Officially, Hungarian szürke is derived from szûr id. which was possibly of F-U origin. [Chong]
Afro-Asiatic/Semitic
zrq A /Aramaic [cal]
1 Syr gray, blue
LS2 207
LS2 v.: zrAq
Caucasian
*sV>rV grey /North Caucasian [ss]
*sire(-n) grey /Nakh [ss]
sira /Chechen; sira /Ingush [ss]
*zerV ( ~ z:-,-l-,-y-,-@-) grey /Tsezian [ss]
zira /Tsezi; zara /Khvarshi [ss]
Chukchee-Kamchatkan
*cĩR- to grow grey, to turn yellow; grey, yellow 1 (сереть, желтеть; серый, желтый 1) /Proto Chukchee-Koryak [ss: PN229]
cer?ą-twe-
/Chukchee; ce-qen 1 (II) /Koryak [ss]Dravidian
sirkuni, tirkuni to fade, shrivel, become weak, lean, fall off; sirka_vuni, tirka_vuni to cause to fade, make lean, weaken; sirku fading, shrivelling, weakness; jurun:guni to hesitate, be reluctant;[cf. jan:ku to fear, hesitate (Telugu) [sk]
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zuzi-tu
to destroy, undo, ruin; to stomp, squash; to tread underfoot /BasqueUralic
zú-z
to pound, to crush /HungarianSumerian
sì
strike, damage, hurt, shake, demolish, raze, flatten, crush, blow; sig3,11 chopdown; ze cut, shearAfro-Asiatic
c
zz to be(come) strong /Semitic Root [ahd]c
āzaz to be strong /Hebrew [ahd]`zz, `z mighty /Phœnician [cgj]
Hurrian
zaš-e strength; zaš-gu- kill, strike dead, eradicate; zaš-ili powerful, strong, numerous; zaš-u- strengthen, increase /Hurrian [ryan]
Dravidian
azâz torture /Brahui
Etruscan
zusle, zuśle, zusle-i, zusleva, zuśleva, zusleva-i, zusleve, zuśleve, zuśleve-ś
"offering, sacrificial victim (animal)" [gzb, mp68, pa]; originally "blow by enemy" [az 96]
zusuzai, zusatu "Strike, Find, Gather" [az96]
Indo-European
Germanic
sûsl
(n.) torment /Old English [sc1]Indo-Iranian/Iranian/Avestan
zizz coarse, rough /Pashto [tr]
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Basque Dialects:-)
B = Biscayan (bizkaiera); G = Guipuzcoan (gipuzkoera)
L = Labourdin (lapurdiera); LN = Low Navarrese (benafarrera)
Z = Souletin (zuberoera, xiberoera); U = Unified Basque (Euskara Batua)
C = common to five or more dialects
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Last updated 25 June 2008