csóré naked /Székely Hungarian (Transylvania)

gorri red; naked, nude; txiro (B) poor, needy

ta_l.ikkam prosperity; ta_l.ikkai high price or value (Ta.lex.) [sk]

čoro poor /Romany

chorí orphan. Si. chhoro /N. Baluchi [mld]

t.halla poor, penniless; t.haliya empty (Prakrit); t.halho empty; t.halhi unproductive (Punja_bi_); t.ha_la_ unemployed; t.ha_l leisure (Hindi_); t.ha_la empty (Old Gujara_ti_); t.ha_lu~ empty, unemployed (Gujara_ti_) [sk]

zú-ra to chatter, to be noisy; zar to tap

zarata (B,U) noise

*z^|a"rG|V tambourine /North Caucasian [ss]

*jar " tambourine (бубен) /Chukchee-Koryak [ss: PN520]

cilampu tinkling anklets worn by women (Ain:kur-u. 389); id. (Malayalam); oblong hollow ring filled with pebbles and shaken before an idol in worship (W.); cilampu-kar..i-no_n-pu ancient ceremony preliminary to marriage, probably consisting in removing the anklet of a bride (Ain:kur-u. 399, Urai.); cilampu-ku_r-al story of Ko_valan- selling the ankle; cilappatika_ram < cilampu + atika_ram an ancient poem by Il.an:ko_v-at.ikal. dealing with the story of Ko_valan- and Kan.n.aki, one of paca-ka_viyam (Tamil.lex.) jelk anklet with bells (Kota); zilal small bell (one with a string) on strap on bullock's neck (Kolami); ji_la_ small bell tied to the neck of an ox (Gondi)(DEDR 2572). [sk]

cilai twang, sound, roar, bellow; cilampu to make a tinkling noise (Tamil)(DEDR 1574). [sk]

? carrilhão chime /Portuguese

*dbb {} *z^|bb to be mad, crazy /Semitic Protoform [ss]

zawatsuku be noisy; be in commotion /Japanese

zabar-keria (C) disarray

Officially, Hungarian csúf is of unknown origin. [Chong]

cefa cruelty, ill-treatment; pain, suffering (Turkish) [Chong]

chufa mockery, jest /Old Spanish

An official source suggests that Hungarian csukló might derive from csukl(ik) "hiccup" which is possibly an onomatopoeic word [Chong]

Cognate Set <Sasse (1979) , p. 26 #4> [oi4]

Cognate Set <Sasse (1979) , p. 30 #4> [oi4]

Cognate Set <Ehret (1987) , #124> [oi4]

tukutuke , tuk'tuke elbow /Moriori [mor]
tuke elbow /Mäori [ua]

*[ch]i:k joint /Sino-Tibetan [ss]

ĉok knee (Kurdish - Dorosmai) [Chong]

chuki knee [q2]

csúsz to slip; to slide, slither; csúsz-kál to slide, skid, glide /Hungarian

kúsz to climb; to creep /Hungarian

kušu/kušum_x(-ki)...tag to crawl; to sneak away; to run [jh]

u_z- (-it-) to crawl or creep (child, ants, snake etc.); u_s ki- to move on posteriors (as children)(Kond.a); u_s- (-it-) to slide, roll (Kuwi); u.nj- to move along by jerks, (child) moves over ground on bottom by jerking along (Kota) (DEDR 736) [sk]

*xaz- ? to creep, crawl /Proto Iranian [Cheung]

khazakhaz creeping, crawling; khazan creeping, slow walk; reptiles; autumn etc./Persian [fjs]

Hungarian mász is officially of unknown origin. [Chong]

Also c.f. similar Hungarian "motion" verbs such as

muš (n.) snake, reptile (adj.) bitter [jh]

Cognate Set <Dolgopol'skij (1973) , p. 308 #1> [oi4]

*miaĉ`e to move, climb /Altaic [ss] {One of the common Altaic motion verbs} [ss]

MUŜ reptile, snake /Cuneiform Luvian lexicon [hcm1]

Hungarian csütör-tök Thursday, "4th" day of the week << Slavic or Iranian

In Hungarian conversation this is used between close friends, family and so on. It is insulting to be this familiar with one's elders or strangers. (This occurs in several unrelated languages.)

Origin of dagad is unknown. While dagály is thought to derive from dagad.[Chong]

dugud massive, heavy, difficult, hard [jh]

Cognate Set < Ehret (1987) , #24> [oi4]

*du:k thick /Sino-Tibetan [ss]

dx$ V /Aramaic [cal]

*t`eku to become thick (of liquids) /Altaic [ss]

*t`uji thick /Altaic [ss]

*tok`a base of a horn, callosity /Altaic [ss]

te_n:ki mass, multitude (Kannad.a); te_k brimful, up to the brim only (Tulu); te_kla, te_kli fastidious person (Kuwi); te_kl te_khrna_ to have an overfilled stomach; te_kh te~_khrna_ to suffer from heavy dinner, feel puffed up; tekhtekhrna_, textexrna_ to grow short of breath (as child with overfilled stomach)(Kur.ux) (DEDR 3453). [sk]

tîka a. (titika) heavy [ud]
tîkaka ncons. (tî©ka) weight [ud]
tikiska a. (tikikiska) 1. crammed; stuffed; packed tightly. 2. narrow; tight [ud]
tikisnaka vt. (tikispi) cram; stuff [ud]
tuhka a. (tutuhka) deep [ud]

duh, du₈ to caulk a boat (with pitch) etc. [jh]

*[t]ik stop up /Sino-Tibetan [ss]

Cognate Set <Newman et al. (1966) , #48> [oi4]

Cognate Set < Ehret (1987) , #23> [oi4]

Cognate Set < Fleming (1988) , #53> [oi4]

t.ekao to bar, to obstruct, to prevent, to obstruct, prevent or hinder by interposing an obstacle; t.ekao ruar.kedeako they turned him back, they barred his way and turned him back; gai t.ekaoe sen akana he has gone to prevent the cows (from straying); dak dokin t.ekaokeda they barred the way of the water, dammed it (Santali.lex.) [sk]

tek to stop, stay, to hinder, to obstruct; t.hek hindrance, obstacle, impediment; d.he~k impediment, obstacle; to stick (Santali.lex.) [sk]

tika stopper /Turkish

*ti:\k`i to plant vertically /Altaic [ss]

*t`i/k`u to stuff into, press into /Altaic [ss]

dugga, durga difficult of access or approach; a strong-hold, fort (Kannad.a lex) [sk]

takai armour, coat of mail; garland, binding, fastening, obstruction; to resist, check; takaippu battle array of an army, fortress (Tamil); taga, tagave, tagahu, tage delay, obstacle, impediment; tage to stop, arrest, impede, stun; tagar to be stopped or impeded, impede, etc. (Kannad.a) (DEDR 3006). [sk]

Classical Armenian [cao]

Classical Greek [lsj1]

tiqiy to fill a bag; to stuff; to fornicate [q2]
tiqiykuy to stuff [q2]

dig to become moist, soft, workable; to be in a weakened state [jh]

thec to knead > to model, adjust [az96] < *dheig [az96]

dajka wet-nurse /Hungarian << day "milk" in Iranic & tej in Hungarian
[tehine cow /Iranian as tehén in Hungarian. ( tej=milk+eneh(old word for cow) > tehén )]

dâî midwife; nurse /Brahui

ta_y mother (Tamil, Kannad.a); ta_ycci wet nurse, pregnant woman; ta_ya_r mother, Laks.mi_; ta_ymai motherhood (Tamil); ta_yi mother (Malayalam, Kannad.a, Telugu); to.y mother (Toda); a_yi (Kannad.a); ta_ye mother (Kannad.a); ta.yi grandmother (Kod.agu)(DEDR 364). [sk]

Officially, Hungarian darab "piece" is seen as of Slavic origin

Officially, Hungarian dara is seen as of Turkic origin, while darál is seen as deriving from dara.

dar (v.) to slice, split; to shatter [jh]

Officially, Hungarian tör is of unknown origin. [Chong]

tar to cut; to decide; to determine; to inquire; to smoke; to break, destroy [jh]

tur-u- beat apart, destroy, eradicate [ryan]

juru to pound into powder /Mandinka [pc1]

tar- to cut (Nume, Dorig, Koro, Lakona, Merig, Proto-Austronesian); tare- (Wetamut, Toga); tere- (Wusi-Valui); -dali- /Sowa; -tar- /Larevat; -teri- /Vinmavis; -tere- /Benour; -tiri- /Malfaxal; tori- "to cut end off," (Maori, Saa, Ulawa) [pkm]

ter-i (-pp-, -tt-) to burst asunder, snap in twain as a rope, split; break, cut (Tamil); ter-ikka to cut off (Malayalam); tir-i to cut, cut off; cutting (Kannad.a); t(r)egu, treyyu to be cut, divided or severed, snap (as a rope), be breached (as a dike); trevvu to be cut, be snapped (as a rope); t(r)encu to snap, break, tear, cut, divide, sever (as a thread or string etc.); t(r)empu id.; n. state of being cut, divided etc., discontinuity, pause (Telugu); tre_z- (tre_st-) to cut (e.g. crops)(Pengo); trey- to cut (paddy)(Mand.a); tar-i (-v-, -nt-) to be cut off, broken (Tamil) [sk]

at.aruka to burst, crack, slit off, fly open; at.ar a splinter; at.arcca splitting, a crack; at.arttuka, at.attuka to split, tear off, open (an oyster)(Malayalam); ad.aruni to crack (Tulu) [sk]

tarukku to pound, break, pierce, injure, torment (Tamil); tarakkuka to deprive rice of its husk (Malayalam)(DEDR 3099). tar-i to be cut off, broken; a kind of axe (Tamil); tayr (tarc-) to cut, using implement with one hand (Kota)(DEDR 3140). [sk]

Officially, Hungarian töröl is thought to be possibly related to tör- "break", "crack". [Chong]

Also see súr-ol to rub, scour, graze /Hungarian

tiritiri ro rub /Mandinka [pc1]

dr remove, quell, drive out /Old Egyptian [cgj]

? trljati to rub, massage; chafe; scrub; trljanje rubbing; chafing; scrubbing /Serbo-Croatian

? utieranie wipe /Slovak

dárda spear, lance /Hungarian

dwrT) N /Aramaic [cal]

da and, but /Erzya; tõ but /Vaddja [fv]

Hungarian derék (meaning 2.) is possibly derived from derék "waist" which is believed to be a loan from Slavic? [Chong]

dára, dár belt, sash; to bind, pack [jh]

da-rí [URU] long-lasting, enduring, eternal [jh]
dirig superior, outstanding [jh]

dr perpetuity /Phœnician [cgj]

Trq A /Aramaic [cal]

turu permanent /Moriori [mor]
toitu, pumau, tuturu, auki permanent /Mäori [ng]

d.ora a string round the waist with which every Santal child is provided immediately after birth (Santali.lex.) [sk]

tara-(g)e/i powerful, strong [ryan]
tara-iuhi powerful, strong [ryan]

*tu:r ( ~ d-) thick /Sino-Tibetan [ss]

*darV(mV) back, waist /Altaic [ss]

*ti:ri thick, plenty /Altaic [ss]

*to:r- large, stout, mature /Dravidian [ss]

to_ra bigness, largeness, plumpness, stoutness, greatness, dignity, a stout man, a great man; to_ritu that which is big; to_rida a big man (Kannad.a); to_ra stoutness, thickness; thick, stout, large (Tulu); to_ramu thick, stout, large (Telugu); tro_ja (tro_ji-) to grow in body, become mature and well-developed; pl. action tro_ska (tro_ski-) (Kui)(DEDR 3557) [sk]

dar.ya_ stout, thick (Kur.ux); tur-u to be thick, crowded, full, be closed (Tamil) [sk]

tur the robust one > bull, ox [az96] < *taur- [az96]
tura robust, solid (fem.) > cow, heifer [az96]
tura, ture to reinforce, swell, make firm [az96]

Hungarian tart- is 'possibly' of F-U origin. [Chong]

Hungarian tűr is officially of Turkic origin. [Chong]

*tör-, *tür- /Old Chuvash [Chong]

*t`o:\re (~-u:-,-r/-) hold, lift; take /Altaic [ss]

Indo-European [from Cheung]

dy gift, gratuity /Old Egyptian [cgj]

Dâj dowry /Brahui

da_ya a gift, a present /Kannad.a; a special gift, a nuptial present, that which a bride and bridegroom receive at their marriage (Kannad.a,.Skt.); da_ya a share, portion, propety to be divided, inheritance; property, wealth /Kannad.a; da_ya_da the receiver of a portion of heritage: an heir /Kannad.a; da_ya_dya inheritance; a son born from a rival wife or from a step-mother /Kannad.a; da_yiga (Tabhava of da_yaka a giver, donor; an heir, a kinsman) a cognate kinsman in a remote degree, one subsequent in right of inheritance to the sago_tra /Kannad.a (Kannad.a lex.) [sk]

diyana n. (diya©na) [ < dî âna] {1cns. diyakinadiyaniki} present; gift [ud]
{ dî "something, thing" + âna "give"}

Hungarian dinnye is, of course, seen as a loan from Slavic.

dinja (sweet) melon; cantaloupe /Serbo-Croatian
dyňa gourd /Slovak
dynya melon /Russian
dinq watermelon /Bulgar

One official source suggests a FU origin

Another official source says Hungarian dob may be derived from *t8mp3- [Chong]

also see Hungarian tap-os, tip-or "to trample, step on"

*dhe:p press down, throw down /Sino-Tibetan [ss]

dohány tobacco /Hungarian

Indo-Iranian/Iranian [fjs]

dukhn millet /Persian [fjs]

dohan millet /Biblical Hebrew
dukhan millet /Arabic [source]

ttwn N /Aramaic [cal]

tütün tobacco /Modern Turkish

Hungarian dől is believed to be from Turkic. [Chong]

dħªl- 'fall'; dħªl-i- 'fall over' (intrans.)

tyl ruin /Phœnician [cgj]

*tu:l/e ( ~ -i) to bend down, fall /Altaic [ss]

d.ollu to fall; d.olligillu to fall or tumble over; d.ullu to fall off; d.ul(u)cu, d.ulupu to cause to fall; u_d.u to fall off, come off, drop, give way, fail (Telugu); d.ol- (d.olt-) to lie down, be felled; d.olp- (d.olopt-) to fell (trees), pull down (wall)(Kolami); d.ol- to die; dolana_ to perish, be destroyed (Gondi); d.o_pa (d.o_t-) to lie down, recline, sleep; n. act of lying down, sleep (Kui); du_linai to sleep; d.ul (-it-) (hair, leaves) to fall; dulh- to shake off; d.o_- (-t-) to sleep (Kuwi) [sk]

Hungarian telep is of unknown origin [see Chong]

One source says tulajdon is possibly from some FU root while another says its origin is uncertain. [see Chong]

*tiōľi stone /Altaic [ss]

tul, tular, tularu limit(s), border, lot, boundaries[az96, lb, mc91, pa]
tul to divide, share, assign [az96]; act associated with religion [mp68: 409]
< *dvel [az96]; stone, border [dep]; stone [lb]

tali stone, rock, pebble; child's marble /Alabama [tm]

talka² to be built {/tal(bòo)-ka¹} /Alabama [tm]

tállàaka 1. to be set out, set down (as of land), set up (of one object) {/talàa-ka¹} 2. piece of land, any permanent container /Alabama [tm]

tállàali piece of land, permanent container /Alabama [tm]

talli¹ to put down, set down, lay out, set out (plural objects), set up (upright objects) (talchi, talhili, talhachi) {/tal(àa)-li} /Alabama [tm]

delo (n.) work /Bulgar; delo /Russian

Hungarian domb is believed to be of FU origin. [Chong]

dub to store, heap up etc. [jh]

t@p@ (Azeri); tömpe (Kyrgyz); tepe (Turkish); tepa (Uzbek) [Chong]

dov (Khalkha) [Chong]

d.hompo mound; ot d.hompo lepidagathis cristata, a plant found on elevated dry situations, with inflorescence resembling a ball; non.degen. ar.e d.hompo no_ga I shall raise a ridge (or an embankment) there (Santali.lex.) [sk]

*do>mpe edge, bank /North Caucasian [ss]

damb mound (ancient word) /Brahui

temar rising ground, hillock; dimba bank of a river (Kannad.a); dimma any elevation or eminence, mound (Telugu); demma elevated ground; ni_r demma island (Parji); damaka flat ground on top of a mountain (Kuwi) [sk]

cin, tin., tin small open veranda; dinn hillock, eminence (Tulu); tin.n.a, tin.a terrace, raised bank, open veranda (Malayalm); tin. raised seat (Kota); sleeping platform (Toda); din.n.e, dinne a raising ground, eminence, bank, islet; tinE veranda (Kannad.a); tene outer veranda (Koraga); tinniya, tinne, ti_niya, ti_ne pial; dinne, dinnia, tinne pial; high raised embankment (Telugu)(DEDR 3227). [sk]

Classical Greek [lsj1]

Hungarian suffix -get is a frequentive suffix of action.

don boom; bang; don-to with a bang /Japanese

dan (n.) (onomat.) sound which expresses knocking at the door

dancu, d.ancu to pound, beat, clean grain in a mortar; dangu, d.angu to be pounded or cleaned (as rice, etc.) (Telugu) (DEDR 77). [sk]

Chorti [cw]

*to:n| (~d-) strike, pound /Sino-Tibetan [ss]

Hungarian dönt is thought to derive from dől "to lean; fall, tumble down". [see Chong]

dùn to knock down [jh]

dyn to judge /Semitic Root [ahd]

tandambi (Sibe) to hit, to strike /Manchu [as]

*du:nt.- to thrust; to shoot, throw /Dravidian [ss]

tunt to hit, to run into [az96]

{Hungarian /c/ sounds like /ts/ or /tz/}

Cognate Set <Fleming (1988) , #51> [oi4]

di-di to play (an instrument) [jh]
ğiš-gù-di a loud musical instrument [jh]

duduk whistle, pipe, flute /Turkish

tutu (C) horn; tube, roll, pipe, duct

tuttari a bugle-horn (Kampara_. Kan:kaip. 30)(Tamil); tuta_ra (Telugu); tuttari-k-kompu a kind of bugle-horn (Ci_vaka. 434, Urai.); tutta_ri long, straight pipe (Tamil,Kannad.a,Malayalam); tuta_ra (Telugu); tutti bass-pipe (Tamil); titti (Kannad.a)' turutti bellows (Akana_. 224)(Tamil); id. (Malayalam); < dr.ti (Skt.); skin, leather (Skt.)(Tamil.lex.) tutu_ri, tutta_ri, tuttu_ri a long trumpet (Kannad.a); titti a leather bag; a bag in general (Kannad.a,Telugu)(Ka.lex.) [sk]

Celtic

daddarisu the skin to get pustules from inward heat, swellings from bites, blows etc. (Kannad.a); taddu, daddu (Tadbhava of dadru) cutaneous and herpetic eruptions, rash, herpes; a kind of leprosy; a ring worm; dad.a_ra, tardru id. (Kannad.a); dadrun.a herpetic, afflicted with cutaneous diseases or ringworm (Kannad.a, Sanskrit.)(Kannad.a lex.) [sk]

d.od.ori distended, swollen, pregnant (Kui); d.ot.a vanju thumb (Kuwi); d.ond.a_ potta_ large-bellied (Kur.ux); d.ud.o id. (Malt.o); tot.t.a big (Tamil); tut.am stoutness, plumpness (Malayalam); dod. big, great (Kota); dod.- (dod.y-) to grow big (Kota); dod.d.a big, large, stout, thick, great, extensive, spacious, respectable, eminent, important, chief, principal, loud; dod.d.atana greatness etc. (Kannad.a); dod.d.itu, dod.d.ittu that is large etc. (Kannad.a); dod.d.a big; dod.d.astig greatness, loftiness, riches, power, ostentaion, pride (Tulu); dod.d.a, dod.d.u big (Telugu); doo big, great, elder; dood big thing; dod.a_nd big (Kolami); dor.a big, elder; dohon big (Naikri); d.o_r.a big, stout (in: d.o_r.a pot.t.eta pregnant; pot.t.a belly)(Parji); tot.o vande thumb, big toe (Gadba); d.hod.d.hal, dho_dal, dho_da_l stout; do_dra_l ur.u_m the very largest cattle tick (Gondi) (DEDR 3491) [sk]

tat.i (-pp-, -tt-) to swell in patches (as the skin by slight poison); tat.ippu disease causing eruptions in the body, urticaria (Tamail); tar.v- (tar.d-) to become marked with itching spots by irritant plant (Kota); tor.y- (tor.c-) mark comes on skin (from blow, bite)(da); dad.ik, dad.al a kind of rash, blotch (Tulu); tat.t.-amma, tat.t.-ammava_ru, tad.upu, tad.apara measles (cf. amma mother-goddess)(Telugu)(DEDR 3028). [sk]

dima, dimmu news, information; intention, decision (loan from Akk. t.eemum) [jh]

tamo tell, inform /Coptic Egyptian [cgj]

*da>m speak, talk, utter /Sino-Tibetan [ss]

thuma "to dispose, judge" [az96]
thumitle "judgements, responses" [az96]
thumsa "judgement" [az96]

tolmas' (Man's'i' - (Tatar) loanword) [Chong]

tïlmacˆ (Chagatai, Tatar); tïlmäcˆ (Kyrgyz); dilmaç (Turkish); dïlmacˆ (Turkmen); tilmåcˆ (Uzbek)

talmithe (which) articulates, computes, deciphers [az96]

-n genitive singular; -in, -en, -den, -ten, or -tten genitive plural /Finnish
-n genitive suffix /Karelian

-é possession suffix 'of' /Hungarian
-i plural possessive suffix /Hungarian
-né suffix meaning 'wife of' /Hungarian (????)

-na genitive suffix [jh]

-en genitive suffix 'of'

The genitive singular is formed by adding the termination -nâ to the singular stem of the substantive: lumma - lummanâ (mother).

The genitive plural is formed by adding the termination -â to the plural stem of the substantive, which is obtained by changing the plural suffix -k into -t: lumma - lummaghâk - lummaghâtâ.

-na suffix of possession or reference - creates an adjective for example,

Celtic/Gaulish (?)

Slavic [sgt]

Nar-Phu [mn]

-a genitive suffix /Onge

-na 1s.genitive after dorsals; -ŋa in all other environments /Awara

Hungarian eb is officially of FU origin.[see Chong]

*a/ba\ dog /Central Khoisan [ss: 4]

zi'b, zib a wolf /Persian [fjs]
zi'ab (pl. of zi'b) wolves /Persian [fjs]

ivoz wild hound Baluchi [mab]