*sür(-t)- /Turc
*sürči- /Mongol
*šurü- /Tungus
*sirh- /Korean
*súr- /Japanese [ss]; suru to rub /Japanese

sohr 'a scraping, a rubbing'
sohri 'scrape (as food from a bowl with a spoon), ?ras? {erase}, clean out rubbish' (cl.2)
sohrmah 'scrape' (cl.3)
sohrnib 'any scraping instrument'
sohrbir 'scraped, cleaned out'
sor 'scraping or rasping sound, asthma'

szár-ad to dry < szár-az dry, hard, barren /Hungarian

soar've dead, dry pine-tree (Pinus excelsa) /Lappish; šur /Man's'i [Chong]

sorv-ad atrophy, be consumed, decay, decline, languish, pine away, waste away /Hungarian

soˆ_rt a narrow strip of land (Kazym Khanty) / s¿rt = id. (Obdorsk Khanty) / s'ur: ma-s'ur forested part of territory, especially between two rivers (Udora Komi - mu = "earth", "land") / sori valley (Northern Man's'i) [Chong]

szor-ít, szor-ul to tighten, to narrow, to stop up; szor-ul-t-ság need /Hungarian
szor-ít to oppress, press; szor-os mountain pass /Hungarian
szor-ong-ni to be crammed, huddled together; szor-ong-at to press /Hungarian

bz/ur to strain, filter. /Tibetan
so:r , KC *so:r to wring, to squeeze /Lushei [ss]

*sur squeeze /Kiranti [ss]

su"r- press (as wood into basket), squeeze /Thulung
soma: (sora:) to knead /Limbu [ss]

šri stop up, close /Old Egyptian [cgj]

s.rr to be(come) narrow, restricted, distressed, to bind, tie /Central Semitic [ahd]

sàr oppression, sàraich, oppress /Gaelic, sáruighim /Irish, Old Irish sáraigim, violo, contemno sár,, outrage, contempt Welsh sarhäed contumelia: *sâro-n, *spâro-n, root sper, kick, spurn; Latin sperno; English spurn; Lithuanian spìrti, kick; Sanskrit sphur, jerk (Stokes). [from mcb]

sor mountain pass, pit; tsortsor defile, mountain pass (Old Armenian - Dorosmai) [Chong]

zarurat necessity; zaruri necessary /Pashto [tr]

Chinese "whistling of the wind" [ss]
sa 4 Modern (Beijing) < sëp Middle Chinese < s@:p Old Chinese

s/ub, s/ib (p., i. s/ubs) to whisper, s/ab-s/ob whispering /Tibetan

*supi- secret, whisper /Kiranti [ss]

Chinese meaning "whisper"
ji /Modern (Beijing) < cjip /Middle Chinese < c/ip /Old Chinese [ss]

c^ap³ to chirp, as a small bird, (H) c^i-jap, c^i, c^it id. /Kachin [ss]
c^iap to cheep, chirp. /Lushei [ss]

silbar ?, chiflar ? /Spanish; subolo /Latin

šapat whisper; šapnuti to whisper; šaptati to prompt; whisper /Serbo-Croatian
šepkať, šepot whisper /Slovak
shepot whisper /Russian; [epot /Bulgar

shpeelak whistle; shpun shepherd /Pashto [tr]

*jara- /Turkic
*z^ari-n /Tungus
*ĉar /Korean
*do'ro'- Japanese [ss]

"This word is unusually interesting. It is attested in early texts as meaning `omen', and the great Basque linguist Michelena reconstructs the original sense as simply `bird'. Centuries ago it was a common practice to try to foretell the future by studying the flight of birds, and the Basque word for `bird' came to have the sense of `omen'. It is the palatalized form of this word, (t)xori, which is today the universal Basque word for `bird'." [lt]

sreća happiness; luck, good fortune; prosperity /Serbo-Croatian

sors, sortis "a lot; a casting of lots; an oracular response, prophecy" [Cassell's]

Officially, Hungarian tag, tagad are of unknown origin. [Chong]

021 Syr to order 022 Syr to celebrate mass 023 Syr to take up 024 Syr to correct 025 Syr to compose 026 Syr to command 027 JLATg,CPA to fasten 028 JLATg to harness 051 Syr to be disposed 052 Syr to be committed to a person 053 Syr to be laid away 054 Syr to be corrected

1 Syr,Palm order 2 Syr,Palm command 3 Syr,Palm band, cohort

çaxï= to order, to give orders, instructions /Khakas [kl]
çaxïgh order, instruction. /Khakas [kl]

tagair plead /Gaelic, tagair (imper.), tagraim /Irish, tacraim /Early Irish, tacre, argumentum /Old Irish: *to-ad-gar-, root gar, as in goir, agair. [mcb]

taghairm noise, echo, a mode of divination by listening to the noise of water cascades /Gaelic, toghairm, summons, petition /Irish, togairm, invocatio /Old Irish; from to- and gairm [mcb]

tagarele chatter /Portuguese

ta^gê, hê, line of battle, front 2. command, province 3. command, order 4. pension, alimony 5. ration 6. stipulated amount to be delivered 7. penalty, fine

One official source says Hungarian talp is of FU origin, while another source states that is of unknown origin. [Chong]

Hungarian tál is officially of FU origin.

Officially, the origin of Hungarian talaj is dubious. [Chong]

thal the palm of the hand. /Tibetan [ss]

Indo-Aryan

Iranian

Chinese "garrulous"
zhan 1 Modern (Beijing) < c/em Middle Chinese < tam Old Chinese

gtam, gtom talk, discourse, speech, report, rumour, news, gdam-pa to advise, give counsel. /Tibetan; ĉham to repeat, utter, recite. /Lushei; djam to tell tales /Lepcha [ss]

stoma, to, mouth 2. esp. the mouth as the organ of speech /Classical Greek [lsj1]

stôm-ullô, (stômulos) to be talkative, chatter, babble /Classical Greek [lsj1]

*t|e:m- to say /Proto Albanian; thom to say /Albanian [bd]

<< *k/eh₁(n)s- 'to say, instruct, announce' /PIE is the imaginary source of the Albanian. [bd]

? duma parliament /Ruski

? dúmos an assembly /Phrygian [cb]

Officially, Hungarian tan- derives from a FU root.

According to [alinei] the Hungarian forms derive from Turkic *tanu- 'learn, recognise'

*tanu- know /Turkic [ss]

*tan|na- to search, spy /Mongolian [ss]

*tan|- read, count /Tungus [ss]

*tua/na/p- to proclaim, narrate /Japanese [ss]

ge-tÿn instruct /Old English [sc1]

dana wise /Baluchi [mab]
din religion; dini religious /Baluchi [mab]

dana learned; a learned man; a name of God; -- dana'i iran, The wise man of Iran, i.e. Jamasb, the astrologer; <-> dana'i rum, The wise man of Greece, i.e. Plato; -- dana'i tus, An epithet of Firdausi and of Khwaja Nasir. /Persian [fjs]

danatari superior wisdom /Persian [fjs]

dana'i learning, knowledge, wisdom; -- dana'iyi zaid, The wisdom of Zaid, i.e. of any wise-acre; a commonplace, a truism. /Persian [fjs]

danish Science, knowledge, learning; excellence; -- danishi ashkar-binishi, Divine omniscience; -- ahli danish, A man of letters, a learned man; learned. /Persian [fjs]

tap-mak 1. to find, come across 2. to think out, devise 3. to find, discover 4. to determine, designate, define 5. to receive, get, obtain; tapyndy find, discovery /Turkmen [glnp]

tappu (tappi-) to grope, feel about /Tamil; tappuka id.; tappal groping; tappikka to make to grope /Malayalam; tabbuni to feel, grope /Tulu; to_pu, so_vu spying, watching; trace, mark; secret information (Tu.lex.) tuppan- spy, secret agent, detective; tuppa_l. spy; tuppu investigation /Tamil; tubbu id. (Kannad.a, Tulu); tuppu spying; sign, trace, evidence as of a crime; tuppu-k-ku_li wage of an informer or spy; remuneration of a detective (Tamil lex.) [sk]

tapati to grope for (after); walk on tiptoe /Serbo-Croatian
tápať po grope /Slovak

jeebaanu spied; jeebaanukat (n.) spy /Wollof [pc2]

tapuna to question; (n.) tapuy question [q1]

*tapa hit, beat /Uralic

*TVp beat /Sino-Tibetan [ss]

*ti:m to throw down, suppress /Sino-Tibetan [ss]

tbhr blow with foot, kick /Coptic Egyptian [cgj]

*ta:p`i to stamp, press /Altaic [ss]

*tap- to strike /Dravidian [ss]

tappu (tappi-) to strike, beat, kill; tappai a blow /Tamil; dabbe, debbe, d.abbe, d.ebbe a blow, stroke /Kannad.a; dabbad.incu to slap; debba blow, stroke, attack /Telugu; tapp- to strike, kill; tapor. a slap /Gadba; tapr.i a slap /Gondi; tap- to strike, hit (Kond.a); tapu_r vecali to slap /Kuwi [sk]

Slavic

Anatolian

Hungarian támad is officially of unknown origin. [see Chong] and is supposedly the origin of Hungarian támasz [see Etruscan THAM- below]

dumotå- battle / Nganasan [Chong]

Tmm V /Aramaic [cal]

Cushitic, Agaw

Semitic

Omotic

tumturi- /Classical Mongol [Chong]

jaman argument, quarrel; jamarambi to argue; jamaran quarrel /Manchu [as]
temšembi to contend, to quarrel, to compete /Manchu [as]

Meaning "to submerge" [ss]
dian 4 Modern (Beijing) < ti\em Middle Chinese < ti:ms Old Chinese
nê.m Vietnamese {see Hungarian nyom "press"}

*ti/m / *ti/p step on /Kiranti [ss]

tamaš to torment /Hittite [cb]

damazô overpower

dŏmo dŏmare dŏmŭi dŏmĭtum, to tame, break in, conquer, subdue [Cassell's]

tame /English
zähm (adj.) tame; zähmen (vt) to tame /German

tamaniti to destroy, exterminate, annihilate /Serbo-Croatian

dam (1) be tame (2) to tame, conquer; become master; control /Sanskrit
damá, damana conquering < dam /Sanskrit

tham ambush. Si. /N. Baluchu [mld]

Hungarian tenni is officially of Finno-Ugrian origin.

dôn irreg do, act, cause, put, place /Old English [sc1]

Hungarian tetõ is supposedly derived from tet(ik) "appear", "seem" which is of unknown origin [see Chong]

ta_t.u the sloping frame of a roof /Kannad.a; tat.t.u deck as of a ship, kappar-r-at.t.u; upper storey of a building; platform, balcony; mat to sit on (Te_va_. 439,10)(Tamil lex.); tot.t.u id., point /Kannad.a [sk]

Italic/Romance

Indo-Iranian

Hungarian sátor is officially of Turkic origin. [Chong]

çadır tent /Turkish
çatma hut, tent /Turkmen [glnp]

chatra, catra a parasol, an umbrella (Kannad.a) [sk]

sa_t. to cover up, block out light (Kuwi); sa_t.u hiding, secret place (Kond.a); ca_t.u a refuge, shelter (Kannad.a); cover, shelter, screen (Telugu) (DEDR 2441). [sk]

Slavic

Indo-Iranian/Iranian

*¢ett3- (Proto Ugric) [Chong]

çytyk 1. gloomy, sullen, cloudy (personal) 2. gloomy, dark (weather) /Turkmen [glnp]

sa_t. to cover up, block out light (Kuwi); sa_t.u hiding, secret place (Kond.a); ca_t.u a refuge, shelter (Kannad.a); cover, shelter, screen (Telugu) (DEDR 2441). [sk]

Indo-Iranian/Iranian

Germanic

soot', sut shade, shadow [y84]

These Hungarian words are officially of unknown origin. [Chong]

sh, sh (be) deaf /Old Egyptian [cgj]

Cushitic

Semitic

Egyptian

Omotic

also see Latin tacĕre to keep silent [az96: 21]

siga, Adv., (sigê) silently 2. under one's breath, in a whisper, quietly, secretly; si_gaô I. keep silence 2. metaph. of things; II. trans., hold silent, keep secret; si_g-azô, bid one be silent, silence; si_g-êtês, ou, ho, one who keeps silence

si_g-ê, Dor. siga, hê, silence, s. echein keep silence b. in a mystical or religious sense; II. sigêi, as Adv., in silence 2. in an undertone, in a whisper, secretly 3. c. gen., sigêi tinos unknown to him

asi_g-êsia, hê, inability to keep silence; eksi_gaomai, to be put to silence

saktat, sakta silence; apoplexy; a trance /Persian

sakut quiet, silent, taciturn (man); -- sukut silence, quietness; peace; dying, expiring, death; -- sukut kardan to be silent (modern colloq.). /Persian

taka' 'quiet, silent'

Hungarian TÁMASZ is supposedly related to TÁMAD "to arise, attack" [see Chong]

Meaning "to carry on the shoulders"
dan 1 /Modern (Beijing) < tâm Middle Chinese < ta:m Old Chinese
da`m /Vietnamese

stem (p. stems) to hold, to support. /Tibetan

thamh to bear or carry on the shoulder. /Burmese

do:m to support (from below), dom to hold, hold up. /Lushei [ss]

*da:m wall 1: house 2: roof /Turkic [ss]

*tama wall /Mongolian [ss]

*tamV- shed, cover (for a hut) /Tungus [ss]

*ta/m wall /korean [ss]

*ta\mu\rua/ plot; camp /Japanese [ss]

*demH build; *dom- house /Proto Indo-European [cg2]

The phonetics of the Magyar tetsz and the Etruscan are identical except for the Etruscan aspirate 'th' which is not aspirated in Magyar. An offering is usually made to appease or please someone (such as a god).

igg one /Old Hungarian

Semitic

Cognate Set <Bergsträsser (1983) , #158> [oi4]

aš one /Sumerian {Sumer š > Hung cs > gy}

aika one /Hurrian

Chinese meaning "be one; single; whole"

*biuri one /Altaic [ss]

Tungus

Japanese

Greek

Slavic

Indo-Iranian/Indo-Aryan

huk // suk // uj // huk; huq; uk // juk "one" [cg2]

Root is Hungarian egy 'one'

зgd to gather together; зhdy together /Ph?nician [cgj]

ahdy alone; ahdh together /Ugaritic

-ekin {accompaniment `with')}

okut, okti one thing; ok one (Parji); ukut., okut. one woman or thing (Gadba); o_ko_, o_ko_re_ one each (Gondi); onghon once (Kur.ux); okka together (Tamil, Malayalam); oka one (adj.), single; oka~d.u, oko~d.u one man (Telugu); okata, okati, okatuka, okate one woman; okat.i, okot.i one thing (Telugu); okkon one man (Kolami, Naikri); or..gu, oggu, orgu assemblage (Kannad.a); oggad.a oneness, concord (Tulu); orukka for each (Tamil) (DEDR 990) [sk]

ogga_ a mass of seeds sown thickly in one place; ogga_ ha_ku to sow thickly with a view of transplantation; oggu to become one, to unite with, to meet together (Kannad.a, Telugu); ogga_ to become one, be united (Tulu); oggu, orgu, or-gu an assemblage, a mass; oggara a heap, a mass (Kannad.a) (Kannad.a lex.) [sk]

ittihad being single, being one; union, concord, intimate friendship /Persian (Farsi) [fjs]

Germanic

Italic

ekadā (adv.) at one time, simultaneously /Sanskrit

'UXdE, 'UQdE "one, only" [Dolgopol'skij Etimologija 1967) cit. ag 1978]

wec'e collective,common /U

Hungarian egész is possibly of Alanic origin. [Chong]

Hungarian egészség literally means "state of completeness" which translates into "health" and is derived from egész + the suffix -ség which means "state/condition of" here.

kiš, keš totality, entire political world (name of the powerful city in the north of Sumer that first bound together and defended the cities of Sumer) [jh]

ğešta, ğeš_2,3,4, ğiš_2,3 sixty [jh]

Cognate Set < Ehret (1987) , #404> [oi4]

guzti (B,G,U) (adv.) all, every, whole, entire; guzi (G,L,LN,Z) (adv.) everything

Albanian

Classical Greek [lsj1] (????) < "to make whole, entire" ?

aissi medicine, pills, drug {poss. a- /hissi} Var: ahissi /Alabama [tm]

Which has its roots in the Turkic languages. [alinei]

*töŕ /Turc
*töre /Mongol
*turgun /Tungus
*thir /Korean
*tòtò-no /Japanese [ss]

*jor- /Turc
*dura- /Mongol
*dora(n) /Tungus
*dùrù- /Japanese [ss]

Some writers suggest ture of Maori and Tahiti was introduced by missionaries from Hebrew, torah "sacred law." [pkm]

Iranian

Indo-Aryan

Hungarian telep is of unknown origin [see Chong]

One source says tulajdon is possibly from some FU root while another says its origin is uncertain. [see Chong]

*tiōľi stone /Altaic [ss]

tali stone, rock, pebble; child's marble /Alabama [tm]

talka² to be built {/tal(bòo)-ka¹} /Alabama [tm]

tállàaka 1. to be set out, set down (as of land), set up (of one object) {/talàa-ka¹} 2. piece of land, any permanent container /Alabama [tm]

tállàali piece of land, permanent container /Alabama [tm]

talli¹ to put down, set down, lay out, set out (plural objects), set up (upright objects) (talchi, talhili, talhachi) {/tal(àa)-li} /Alabama [tm]

delo (n.) work /Bulgar; delo /Russian

Hungarian dönt is thought to derive from d?l "to lean; fall, tumble down". [see Chong]

dān to judge /Hebrew [ahd]

dwn (v.) /Aramaic [cal]

*du:nt.- to shoot, throw /South Dravidian [ss]

*du:nt.- to butt, push, thrust /Telugu [ss]

tunděre to hit /Latin [Cassell]

tund- 1) to push, to knock; 2) river {reconstructed word}/Thracian [id, cb]

Hungarian derék (meaning 2.) is possibly derived from derék "waist" which is believed to be a loan from Slavic? [Chong]

dára, dár belt, sash; to bind, pack [jh]

da-rí [URU] long-lasting, enduring, eternal [jh]
dirig superior, outstanding [jh]

dr perpetuity /Ph?nician [cgj]

Trq A /Aramaic [cal]

turu permanent /Moriori [mor]
toitu, pumau, tuturu, auki permanent /Mäori [ng]

d.ora a string round the waist with which every Santal child is provided immediately after birth (Santali.lex.) [sk]

tara-(g)e/i powerful, strong [ryan]
tara-iuhi powerful, strong [ryan]

*tu:r ( ~ d-) thick /Sino-Tibetan [ss]

*darV(mV) back, waist /Altaic [ss]

*ti:ri thick, plenty /Altaic [ss]

*to:r- large, stout, mature /Dravidian [ss]

to_ra bigness, largeness, plumpness, stoutness, greatness, dignity, a stout man, a great man; to_ritu that which is big; to_rida a big man (Kannad.a); to_ra stoutness, thickness; thick, stout, large (Tulu); to_ramu thick, stout, large (Telugu); tro_ja (tro_ji-) to grow in body, become mature and well-developed; pl. action tro_ska (tro_ski-) (Kui)(DEDR 3557) [sk]

dar.ya_ stout, thick (Kur.ux); tur-u to be thick, crowded, full, be closed (Tamil) [sk]

Reconstructed

Indo-Iranian

Reconstruction

Italic

Albanian

Hungarian tart- is 'possibly' of F-U origin. [Chong]

Hungarian tűr is officially of Turkic origin. [Chong]

*tör-, *tür- /Old Chuvash [Chong]

*t`o:\re (~-u:-,-r/-) hold, lift; take /Altaic [ss]

dhr. (1) hold, bear, support; make firm; carry; wear (2) hold fast; hold in check, bear, withstand /Sanskrit